PopWindow位置与自适应

PopWindow 是开发中常用的一种组件,网上对于 PopWindow 的定位方法也众说纷纭,经过看过网上的很多博客,自己也动手尝试了一番,终于对 PopWindow 有了自己的认知,特此记录一下。其实主要是 PopWindow 大小的测量,以及通过相对定位确定 PopWindow 的弹出位置,这样如果遇到了使用场景直接用已有代码即可。

首先是 PopWindow 的大小自适应问题,通过下面这个 Demo 可以非常容易理解,比如下面是 PopWindow 布局文件,在这个布局中间中,PopWindow显示的是 LinearLayout,而不是 RelativeLayout:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="9999dp"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <!-- PopWindow显示出的是这个子View -->
    <LinearLayout
        android:background="@color/purple_200"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:padding="10dp"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
        <ImageView
            android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher_foreground"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
        <TextView
            android:textColor="@color/white"
            android:text="Hello PopWindow"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

下面是MainActivity的布局文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:onClick="showPopWindow"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="PopWindow"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

接下来就是如何放置的问题,如果直接用 popWindow.getHeight() 或者 popWindow.getWidth() 获取的值都是 -2,其实 PopupWindow 在创建时宽度高度设置为 match_parent 或者 wrap_content 时,通过 getWidth、getHeight 或者 getMeasuredWidth、getMeasuredHeight 均不能获取到真实的高度。

研究过 View 的绘制流程的人应该都知道 ViewRootImpl 的内部函数 performTraversals(),进行measure、layout、draw流程。现在我们只需要提前 measure,测量出 ContentView 的宽和高就行了,而剩下的难度就是如何计算了,这里可以参考 《自定义View —— Measure-测量过程》

所以要达到测量PopWindow最终目的其实也很简单,那就是直接对内容布局进行提前 measure。这样的话根据内容宽高很容易就可以对PopWindow进行任意位置摆放。

下面是默认弹窗的位置:

下面主要是使用 showAsDropDown 来对弹窗位置进行控制:

上部居中弹出

// 上部居中弹出
public void showTopCenter(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
    // 获取内容View
    View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
    // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
    contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
    // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
    int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
    int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

    // 获取参考View的宽高
    int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
    int rHeight = refView.getHeight();

    popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, -(pWidth/2 - rWidth/2), -pHeight-rHeight);
}

底部居中弹出

// 底部居中弹出
public void showBottomCenter(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
    // 获取内容View
    View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
    // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
    contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
    // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
    int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
    int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

    // 获取参考View的宽高
    int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
    int rHeight = refView.getHeight();

    popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, -(pWidth/2 - rWidth/2), 0);
}

左边居中弹出

// 左边居中弹出
public void showLeftCenter(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
    // 获取内容View
    View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
    // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
    contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
    // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
    int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
    int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

    // 获取参考View的宽高
    int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
    int rHeight = refView.getHeight();

    popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, -pWidth, -(rHeight/2 + pHeight/2));
}

右边居中弹出

// 右边居中弹出
public void showRightCenter(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
    // 获取内容View
    View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
    // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
    contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
    // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
    int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
    int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

    // 获取参考View的宽高
    int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
    int rHeight = refView.getHeight();


    popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, rWidth, -(rHeight/2 + pHeight/2));
}

左上方弹出

// 左上方弹出
public void showLeftTop(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
    // 获取内容View
    View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
    // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
    contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
    // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
    int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
    int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

    // 获取参考View的宽高
    int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
    int rHeight = refView.getHeight();

    popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, -pWidth, -pHeight-rHeight);
}

先写到这里,主要是根据默认位置进行X、Y偏移量计算即可

全部代码:

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.PopupWindow;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    public void showPopWindow(View button) {
        View contentView = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.pop_content, null);
        PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(contentView,
                ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
                ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
                true);
        showLeftTop(popupWindow, button);
    }

    // 上部居中弹出
    public void showTopCenter(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
        // 获取内容View
        View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
        // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
        contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
        int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
        int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

        // 获取参考View的宽高
        int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
        int rHeight = refView.getHeight();

        popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, -(pWidth/2 - rWidth/2), -pHeight-rHeight);
    }

    // 底部居中弹出
    public void showBottomCenter(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
        // 获取内容View
        View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
        // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
        contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
        int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
        int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

        // 获取参考View的宽高
        int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
        int rHeight = refView.getHeight();

        popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, -(pWidth/2 - rWidth/2), 0);
    }


    // 左边居中弹出
    public void showLeftCenter(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
        // 获取内容View
        View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
        // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
        contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
        int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
        int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

        // 获取参考View的宽高
        int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
        int rHeight = refView.getHeight();

        popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, -pWidth, -(rHeight/2 + pHeight/2));
    }

    // 右边居中弹出
    public void showRightCenter(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
        // 获取内容View
        View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
        // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
        contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
        int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
        int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

        // 获取参考View的宽高
        int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
        int rHeight = refView.getHeight();

        popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, rWidth, -(rHeight/2 + pHeight/2));
    }


    // 左上方弹出
    public void showLeftTop(PopupWindow popupWindow, View refView){
        // 获取内容View
        View contentView = popupWindow.getContentView();
        // 设置测量模式 UNSPECIFIED
        contentView.measure(View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        // 获取内容View的宽高->即PopWindow的宽高
        int pWidth = contentView.getMeasuredWidth();
        int pHeight = contentView.getMeasuredHeight();

        // 获取参考View的宽高
        int rWidth = refView.getWidth();
        int rHeight = refView.getHeight();

        popupWindow.showAsDropDown(refView, -pWidth, -pHeight-rHeight);
    }
}